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FOURTH REPORT ON THE HETEROGENEITY OF STEEL INGOTS

Published by The Iron And Steel Institute. 1932

Good condition. Being a report by a joint committee of the Iron and Steel Institute and The National Federation of Iron and Steel Manufacturers to the Iron and Steel Industrial Research Council. Iron and Steel Institute - Special Report No. 2. Card wraps. Fold-out pages and diagrams.

Top 2-3" of spine is split vertically, then horizontally; also splitting to base of spine. Browning to covers. Staples are rusty. Foxing to contents.

Stock no. 2115960

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Contents

  • Introduction
  • SECTION I - A Further Study of Steel Ingots
  • Part I - Details of the Manufacture of the Ingots Studied
  • Part II - Theoretical Discussion
  • SECTION II - Oxygen and Silicates in Steel
  • SECTION III - The Distribution of Silicates
  • SECTION IV - Principles Involved in the Making of Rimming Steel
  • Characteristics of Rimming Ingots
  • Heterogeneity in Ingots of Rimming Steel
  • Influence of Furnace and Pit Practice on Heterogeneity
  • Control of Gas Content
  • Origin of Gases in Steel
  • Discussion and Conclusions
  • Bibliography on Rimming Steel
  • SECTION V - Pyrometry as Applied to Liquid Steel
  • General Summary
  • A. Calibration of Optical Pyrometers
  • B.Comparison of Optical Pyrometers under Works Conditions
  • The Emissivity Factor
  • Special Heats Made for the Main Committee at the University of Sheffield
  • (1) Observations of Temperature in the Bath
  • (2) Tapping and Casting Temperatures
  • C. Experiments with Thermocouples for the Measurement of the Temperature of Liquid Steel under Works Conditions
  • Carbon Rod Experiment for the Measurement of Bath Temperatures
  • D. Ingot Mould Temperatures
  • SECTION VI - Ingot Mould Material
  • Part I. Thermal Properties of Ingot Mould Irons
  • Properties Tested
  • Thermal and Electrical Conductivity
  • Specific Heat
  • Moulds Tested
  • Compositions of Ingot Mould Irons Tested
  • Microstructure
  • Thermal Expansions, Dilatation Properties and Densities
  • Electrical Resistivities at 16degrees C
  • Examination of Used Ingot Moulds Nos 1 and 2
  • Analyses
  • Microstructure
  • Test-Pieces and their Location
  • Conclusions
  • Part II. The Thermal Conductivities of Ingot Mould Irons
  • Introduction
  • Apparatus Used
  • Consideration of Results
  • Conclusions
  • References
  • SECTION VII - Some Further Mathematical Considerations Concerning the Cooling and Freezing of Steel Ingots
  • I. The Effect of Assuming Different Thermal Constants for the Mould, Solid Steel, and Liquid Steel
  • II. The Case of a Mould of Finite Thickness the Initial Temperature being Considereed
  • III. The Effect of a Layer of Material of Lower Conductivity between the Mould and the Ingot
  • IV. The Effect of Separation of the Ingot and Mould on the Rate of Solidification
  • SECTION VIII - Bibliography
  • Acknowledgements

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